The first several weeks of the course will give you a foundation in the concepts, terms and units of description of formal linguistics, and will begin to orient you towards the Anthropological perspective on the nature of meaning. The text we are using is oriented towards the history of linguistic ideas and is quite high-level; I will be filling in with the nuts and bolts of linguistic description. 

Required Texts: 
McKay and Hornberger, Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching 
Hanks, William, Language and Communicative Practices 
Sontag, Susan, Illness as Metaphor/AIDS as Metaphor 
Brice-Heath, Shirley, Ways With Words 
Duranti, Alessandro, From Grammar to Consciousness 
Rampton, Ben, Crossing  Other readings in the syllabus will be placed on Reserve. 

Grading: 
Midterm........................................................100 pts 
Final (non cumulative)....................................100 pts 
Term Paper...................................................150 pts 
5-page essay.................................................50 pts 
Attendance....................................................25 pts 
Participation (oral and written).......................25 pts 
2 précis (analytical summaries)@ 25 ea.........50 pts 

TOTAL = 500 points 
Calculation of final grade: 
450-500= A; 400-449=B; 350-399=C; 300-349=D; 299 and below=F 

As a general guideline, the term paper should be approximately 20-30 pages in length. The length is less important than the quality of the research and analysis involved. I will hand out detailed guidelines on the term paper. You will be REQUIRED, as part of the term paper grade, to hand in a proposal and a preliminary bibliography. Failure to do so will result in point loss. Moreover, if you do not take advantage of early advice from me, you take a large risk that your final paper does not meet up to my expectations. I will also accept and comment on paper drafts; these must be turned in no later than 10 days before the final due date so that I have time to read them and return them to you. The midterm and final will be a combination of essay and short answer. The 5 page essay will be on a topic of my choice. During the course of the semester, you will be asked to write a précis (analytical summary) of two recommended readings on the syllabus. You will be asked (at least once) to report on your reading to the class. I will distribute these assigments throughout the semester so that we regularly have someone prepared to enrich the discussion/lecture with a related reading. You may do an extra précis for extra credit, or to raise your grade in that category. Attendance: in a small seminar, attendance is crucial, not only for you, but for the class as a whole. If you miss too many classes, I may lower your grade in this category. Do not try to find out how many is too many. Participation is also very important in a seminar. In addition to your verbal contributions to the class, there will also be periodic short written products included in this part of the grade. For example, I may ask you to write the answer to a study question on a particular reading on an index card to be turned in. Or I may ask you to prepare a discussion question to be used in class. Participation obviously implies preparation. There is little room in this course for you to fall behind in your reading, and some of the reading is quite difficult. I will help you (with study/reading questions) to be efficient readers of this material. I will also ask you to be active readers--you do not have to have had a perfect grasp of a text to bring a good question to class. Having said that you must be prepared, I recognize that everyone gets swamped on occasion. Do not skip class if you have not done the reading; let me know beforehand and I will not torment you with questions. (Do not expect to do this often). Lateness/Academic Honesty: Assignments are due on time. I subtract a letter grade for each day late (a weekend is two days). Makeup exams are only given for emergencies and are usually harder than the original one. All of your work must be your own; be meticulous in your essays and term paper about citing sources and you will not have any problems. If you are not sure, ask me. 

SCHEDULE OF READINGS 

Readings in the book Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching are followed by the abbreviation "SLT". Other readings are in one of 4 places: 
1) a packet under JAFFE ANT 651 (nothing follows reference below) 
2) a packet under JAFFE ANT 251"Packet B" (a "B" is noted on the syllabus) 
3) in a book on Reserve for this course ("Reserve" follows book title) 
4) in readily available bound periodicals in the stacks (recommended readings). These are marked with a * and a full reference is given. 
 

Week 1:	Formal Models of Language
Tue. Aug. 26:	Introduction to Course
Thu. Aug. 28:	Hanks, Chapter 1 "Meaning and Matters of Context"  Chapter 2 "The Language of Saussure"
Week 2:
Tue. Sept. 2:	Hanks Chapter 3 "From Signs to Sentences" (pp. 39-48)
Thu. Sept. 4:	Hanks Chapter 4 "North American Formalism and the Problem of Meaning"
Week 3:	Language, Thought and Culture
Tue. Sept. 9:	Hanks, Chapter 8 "Relativity, Reflexivity and Difference" (pp. 169-84)  Boas, F. "Introduction to the Handbook of American Indian Languages" (also in Blount,Language, Culture and Society, on Reserve)  Whorf, B. "An American Indian Model of the Universe" and "Language, Mind and Reality" pp. 257-268
Thu. Sept. 11:	Tan, Amy "The Language of Discretion" (B)  Hoijer, Harry "The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis (B) and in Blount, below.  Recommended readings on linguistic relativity:  Boas, Franz "On Alternating Sounds"  Whorf, B. "The Relation of Habitual Thought and Behavior to Language" In Blount, ed. Language, Culture and Society (on Reserve)  Sapir, E. "Language" in Blount, above.  *Conklin, H. (1973) "Color Categorization" American Anthropologist 75(4):931-942.  *Hill and Mannheim (1992) Language and World View. Annual Review of Anthropology.
Week 4:	Metaphor
Tue. Sept. 16:	Basso, Keith "Wise Words of the Western Apache: Metaphor and Semantic Theory"
Thu. Sept. 18:	Hanks Chapter 11 "Communicative Practice in the Corporeal Field"  Sontag, S. Illness as Metaphor
Week 5:
Tue. Sept. 23:	Sontag, S. AIDS and its Metaphors  Recommended readings on Metaphor: Lakoff & Kovecses "The Cognitive Model of Anger Inherent in American English" in Scott and Katz, Metaphor: Implications and Applications (on Reserve)  Quinn, Naomi "The Cultural Basis of Metaphor"  Fernandez,J. "The Mission of Metaphor in Expressive Culture" in Persuasions and Performances (on Reserve)  Nelson "Metaphor and the Media" (B)  Rose, Anne "Metaphors in Child Custody Mediation" in Scott and Katz, above.  Banks &Thompson "Mental Models of the Cardiovascular System" in Scott and Katz, above.  Sapir, J.D. "The Anatomy of Metaphor" in Sapir and Crocker The Social Use of Metaphor (on Reserve)  Fill, Alvin "Ecolinguistics"
Thu. Sept. 25:	The Linguistic Philosophers/Speech Act Theory  Hanks Chapter 5 (91-102)
Week 6:
Tue. Sept. 30:	Chick, J. "Intercultural Communication" Chapter 10 in SLT  Cohen, A. "Speech Acts" Chapter 12 in SLT.  Recommended readings on Speech Acts: Searle, J. "What is a Speech Act?" in Giglioli, Language and Social Context (on Reserve)  Ervin Tripp, S. "Speech Acts and Social Learning" in packet and in Basso & Shelby, Meaning in Anthropology (Reserve)  Grice, H.P. "Meaning" In D. Steinberg and L Jakobovis, Semantics: an Interdisciplinary Reader (Reserve)  Levinson, S. Chapter 1 (p 1-53) in Pragmatics (Reserve)
	CONTEXT/Self/Interaction
Thu. Oct. 2:	Hanks Chapter 7 "Saturation by Context"  Ochs, E. "Indexing Gender" in packet and in Duranti and Goodwin, Rethinking Context (on Reserve)
Week 7:
Tue. Oct. 7:	Duranti "Language in Context and Language as Context: The Samoan Respect Vocabulary"  Recommended Readings on Context: *Eckert, P. and McConnell-Ginet, S. (1992) "Think Practically and Look Locally: Language and Gender as Community Based Practice" Annual Review of Anthropology 21: 461-490.  Labov, W. "The Study of Language in its Social Context" in Giglioli (book on Reserve)
Thu. Oct. 9:	The Ethnography of Communication  Saville-Troike "The Ethnography of Communication" Chapter 11 in SLT.
Week 8:
Tue. Oct. 14:	CHOOSE ONE:  Irvine "Strategies of Status Manipulation in the Wolof Greeting" In Bauman and Sherzer, Explorations in the Ethnography of Speaking (on Reserve)  Salmond "Rituals of Encounter Among the Maori" In Bauman and Sherzer, above.  Milton "Meaning and Context: the Interpretation of Greetings in Kasigau"  Kendall "Getting to Know You" (B)  CHOOSE ONE:  Barnes "Personal Names and Social Classification"  Evans-Pritchard "Nuer Modes of Address"  Leeds-Hurwitz "Uncommon Forms of Address: A Business Example"  Brown and Ford "Address in American English"  Brown and Gilman "The Pronouns of Power and Solidarity" in Giglioli (book on Reserve)
Thu. Oct. 16 :	MIDTERM EXAM
Week 9:	Linguistic Variation: Sociolinguistic vs. Ethnographic Approaches to "Speech Community"
Tue. Oct. 21:	Hanks Chapter 9 "Beyond the Speaker and the Text" (pp. 217-223)  Rickford "Regional and Social Variation" Chapter 5 in SLT (pp. 151-172)
Thu. Oct. 23:	Freeman and McElhinny "Language and Gender" Chapter 7 in SLT  Recommended readings on Variation: Nichols, P. "Pidgins and Creoles" Chapter 6 in SLT  McDavid, R. "Postvocalic -r in South Carolina: a Social Analysis" (B)  Nichols, P. "Networks and Hierarchies"(B)  *Eckert, P. and McConnell-Ginet, S. : see above under "context"  Keenan, Elinor "Norm-Makers, Norm Breakers: Uses of Speech by Men and Women in a Malagasy Community" In Bauman and Sherzer, (book on Reserve)
Week 10:	Language Socialization: Communicative Competence
Tue. Oct. 28:	Harness-Goodwin, M. "Children's Linguistic and Social Worlds" Anthropology Newsletter 38 (April 97):1,4-5.  Ochs and Schieffelin, "Language Acquisition and Socialization: Three Developmental Stories" (B)
Thu. Oct. 30:	Brice-Heath, Shirley Ways With Words, Prologue, Ch. 1-3
Week 11:
Tue. Nov. 4:	Ways With Words, Chapters 4 and 5  Rickford "Regional and Social Variants" section on AAVE (pp. 172-185)
Thu. Nov. 6:	Ways With Words, Chapters 6 and 7  McKay,S. "Literacy and Literacies" Chapter 13 in SLT.  Recommended Readings on Language Socialization: any chapter from  Schieffelin and Ochs Language Socialization Across Cultures (on Reserve)
Week 12:	Performance, Narrative, Poetics
Tue. Nov. 11:	Hanks Chapter 8, pp. 184-197.  Bauman, R. "Verbal Art as Performance"
Thu. Nov. 13:	Hymes,D. "Ways of Speaking" in Bauman and Sherzer (book on Reserve)  CHOOSE ONE of the following: Bauman, R. "Any Man Who Keeps More'n One Hound'll Lie To You": A Contextual Study of Expressive Lying.  Johnstone,B. "Community and Contest: Midwestern Men and Women Creating Their Worlds in Conversational Storytelling."    Recommended readings on Performance, Narrative, Poetics:  *Bauman and Briggs (1990) "Poetics and Performance as Critical Perspectives on Language and Social Life" Annual Review of Anthropology.  Price, Laurie (1987) "Ecuadorian Illness Stories" in Holland and Quinn Cultural Models in Language and Thought (on Reserve)  Abrahams, R. "Complicity and Imitation in Storytelling"  *Limon, José (1989) "Carne, Carnales and the Carnivalesque: Bakhtinian Batos, Disorder and Narrative Discourses" American Ethnologist 16:3.
Week 13:	Language and Political Economy
Tue. Nov. 18:	Gal, Susan Language and Political Economy  also Annual Review of Anthropology 1989  Irvine, J. "When Talk Isn't Cheap: Language and Political Economy"  also in American Ethnologist 16:248-67(1989)
Thu. Nov. 20:	O'Barr& Conley "Ideological Dissonance in the American Legal System" (B)  Mehan, H. "The Construction of an LD Student: A Case Study in the Politics of Representation"  Recommended Readings in Language and Political Economy  Spedding, Alison "Open Castilian, Closed Aymara? Bilingual Women in the Yungas of La Paz (Bolivia)  Stafford, S. "Language and Identity: Haitians in New York City"  Urciuoli, Bonnie Chapter 4: Good English as Symbolic Capital" in Exposing Prejudice: Puerto Rican Experiences of Language, Race, and Class.  Gross, Joan (1993) "The Politics of Unofficial Language Use: Walloon in Belgium, Tamazight in Morocco"
Week 14:
Tue. Nov. 25:	first half of Duranti From Grammar to Politics
Week 15:
Tue. Dec. 2:	finish Duranti
	Language Ideology
Thu. Dec. 4:	*Woolard & Schieffelin (1994) "Language Ideology" Annual Review of Anthropology.  Recommended Readings on Language Ideology  *Woolard, Kathryn (1985) Language Variation and Cultural Hegemony: Toward an Integration of Sociolinguistic Theory and Social Theory. American Ethnologist 12:738-748.  *Jaffe, Alexandra (1996) "The Second Annual Spelling Contest: Orthography and Ideology." American Ethnologist 23(4):1-21.  *Gal, Susan (1993) "Diversity and Contestation in Linguistic Ideologies: German Speakers in Hungary." Language in Society 22:337-359.  *Hill, Jane (1980) "Mixed Grammar, Purist Grammar and Language Attitudes in Modern Nahuatl" Language in Society 9:321-348.  Hill, Jane "Women's Speech in Modern Mexicano"  *Collins, James (1992) "Our Ideologies and Theirs" Pragmatics (2)3: 405-415.  *Abu-Lughod, Lila (1990) "The Romance of Resistance: Tracing Transformations of Power Through Bedouin Women" American Ethnologist (17)1: 41-55.
Week 16:	Language Politics in Multilingual Contexts
Tue. Dec. 9:	first part of Rampton, Crossing
Thu. Dec. 11:	finish Rampton.  Recommended Readings in Language Politics/Multilingual contexts:  Heller, Monica "Ethnic Relations and Language Use in Montreal"  Sridhar, K. "Societal Multilingualism" Chapter 2 in SLT.  Wiley, T. "Language Planning and Policy" Chapter 4 in SLT  *Hill, Jane (1985) "The Grammar of Consciousness and the Consciousness of Grammar" American Ethnologist 12:4.  *Trosset, Carol (1986) "The Social Identity of Welsh Learners" Language in Society 15: 165-192.  *Urciuoli, Bonnie (1995) Language and Borders. Annual Review of Anthropology

  Each syllabi the intellectual property of the author.